24 - UARY 31 JANUARY RUARY 2027

BRUSSELS EXPO | HEYSEL

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Artworks

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Galerijen
Galerijen Galerie AB - Agnès Aittouarès Franck Anelli Fine Art Ars Antiqua d'Arschot & Cie Art et Patrimoine - Laurence Lenne Arte-Fact Fine Art Artimo Fine Arts Galerie Ary Jan Galerie BA - Berthet Aittouarès HELENE BAILLY MARCILHAC Véronique Bamps Barbara Bassi Beck & Eggeling International Fine Art Galerie de la Béraudière Galerie Berès Bernier/Eliades Galeria Bessa Pereira Galerie BG Arts Boon Gallery Galerie Alexis Bordes Bernard Bouisset Galerie Boulakia Galerie Nicolas Bourriaud Brame & Lorenceau Cabinet of Curiosities - Honourable Silver Objects Galerie Capazza Giammarco Cappuzzo Fine Art Carlucci Gallery Galerie Jean-François Cazeau Galerie Cento Anni Chambre professionnelle belge de la Librairie Ancienne et Moderne (CLAM) Citadelles & Mazenod CKS Gallery Claes Gallery Collectors Gallery COLNAGHI Costermans Dalton Somaré De Brock De Jonckheere Galerie Bernard De Leye Galerie Oscar De Vos De Wit Fine Tapestries De Zutter Art Gallery Dei Bardi Art Thomas Deprez Fine Arts Patrick Derom Gallery Desmet Fine Arts Virginie Devillez Fine Art DIE GALERIE Douwes Fine Art b.v. Epoque Fine Jewels Finch & Co Galerie Flak A&R Fleury Galerie La Forest Divonne Galerie Christophe Gaillard Galerie des Modernes Gilden's Art Gallery Grusenmeyer-Woliner Galerie Hadjer Galerie Haesaerts-le Grelle Philippe Heim Heutink Ikonen Galerie Hioco Hoffmans Antiques Huberty & Breyne Galerie Hurtebize rodolphe janssen Francis Janssens van der Maelen Kunsthaus Kende Harold t’Kint de Roodenbeke Florian Kolhammer Hartford Fine Art - Lampronti Gallery Alexis Lartigue Lemaire Galerie Lowet de Wotrenge Francis Maere Fine Arts Maison D'Art Maisonjaune Studio Martins&Montero Martos Gallery MARUANI MERCIER MassModernDesign Galerie Mathivet Mearini Fine Art Galerie Greta Meert Meessen Galerie la Ménagerie Mulier Mulier Gallery Jan Muller Antiques Klaas Muller NARDI VENEZIA Nosbaum Reding Dr. Nöth kunsthandel Galerie Nathalie Obadia, Paris/Brussels Objects With Narratives Galeria Jordi Pascual Galerie La Patinoire Royale Bach Pauline's Jewellery Box Pelgrims de Bigard Galerie Alexis Pentcheff Christophe Perlès Galerie Perrin Guy Pieters Gallery Gallery de Potter d’Indoye Galerie de la Présidence Pron Van Pruissen Asian Art QG Gallery Maison Rapin Almine Rech Stéphane Renard Fine Art Repetto Gallery robertaebasta Romigioli Antichità Laurent Schaubroeck Serge Schoffel - Art Premier Segoura Fine Art Edouard Simoens Gallery Herwig Simons Fine Arts Stern Pissarro Gallery Stone Gallery Galerie Taménaga TASCHEN TEMPLON The old Treasury Galerie Patrice Trigano unforget Decorative Arts Univers du Bronze Vagabond Antiques Gallery Sofie Van de Velde Van Herck-Eykelberg Galerie Raf Van Severen Samuel Vanhoegaerden Gallery Maurice Verbaet Gallery Galerie von Vertes Axel Vervoordt Galerie Dina Vierny VKD Jewels Galerie Florence de Voldère N. Vrouyr Floris van Wanroij Fine Art Galerie Watteeu by Edouard & Andrea de Caters Victor Werner WHITFORD Willow Gallery
 

Van Herck-Eykelberg

Asger Jorn (Denmark, Jutland 1914-1973 Aarhus) The girl and the bird, 1940 Oil on canvas 44 x 69 cm Signed and dated lower right Literature: Guy Atkins, Jorn in Scandinavia 1930-1953, London, 1968, n° 156, ill. p. 333 Exhibitions: 13 kunstnere i telt, Bellevue, Copenhagen, 17 May-8 June 1941, cat. n° 61; Jorn, Arken Museum for Moderne Kunst, Ishøj, Denmark, 14 September 2002-19 January 2003, Cobra Museum voor Moderne Kunst, Amstelveen, The Netherlands, 7 February-27 April 2003 and Kunsthalle zu Kiel, Germany, 17 May-10 August 2003, cat. n° 8, ill. cat. p. 56 (in colour); Jorn-Picasso. Myter og Møder. Myths & Meetings', Museum Jorn, Silkeborg, 7 September-8 December 2013, cat. n° 6, ill. cat. p. 72 (in colour); Cobra Museum voor Moderne kunst, Amstelveen, The Netherlands, 2013

 

Gilden's Art Gallery

pablo picasso

Pablo Picasso (Malaga 1881-1973 Mougins) Le bain de pieds, 1960 Brush and India ink drawing on wove paper 20.9 x 26.9 cm This ink drawing is dated 26.1.60.II in ink in the upper image. Picasso created this work on Tuesday 26 January 1960 Provenance: Forum Fine Art, Zurich; private collection, Switzerland; Christie's, London, 10 February 2005, lot 685 Literature: C. Zervos (1968), Pablo Picasso - Œuvres de 1959 à 1961, Paris, vol. 19, reference n° 137 (ill., pl. 32)

 

CKS Gallery

Victor Vasarely (Hungary 1906-1997 Paris) Syrom, 1956-1959 Acrylic on canvas 162 x 130 cm Provenance: acquired from the artist by the previous owner

 

Heutink Ikonen

Anastasis Russia, circa 1600 32.5 x 26.5 cm The Anastasis (resurrection) of Christ and the victory over the realm of death are central to this icon. Christ, surrounded by a radiant mandorla, tramples the gates of the underworld and pulls Adam up from a stone coffin by his wrist. Behind Adam stands John, pointing to Christ with his hand and addressing a group of Old Testament prophets and forefathers. To the right of Christ are Eve, Kings David and Solomon, and the prophet Daniel, amongst others. At the bottom right, Christ can be seen rising from his own tomb

 

Douwes Fine Art b.v.

henri fantin-latour

Henri Fantin-Latour (Grenoble 1836-1904 Buré) Vase de Pivoines, 1902 Oil on canvas 41 x 37 cm Signed lower left 'Fantin' The authenticity of this work has been confirmed by Sylvie Brame Provenance: Tempelaere, Paris; Tavernier, Paris; Colnaghi, London; Galerie Brame, Paris, 1978; Sotheby's London, 1978, lot 205; private collection, Europe; Sotheby’s London, 1989, lot 2; private collection, Europe; Sotheby’s London, 1996, lot 24; Noortman Master Paintings, Maastricht, bought at TEFAF 2004; private collection, Belgium; Douwes Fine Art, Amsterdam Literature: Mme Fantin-Latour, Catalogue de l'oeuvre complet de Fantin-Latour, Paris, 1911, n° 1937, p. 206

 

Galerie Cento Anni

Jean Després (Souvigny 1889-1980 Avallon) Pair of chandeliers, circa 1930-1935 Silver-gilt metal H 13.5 X W 33 cm Signed J.Deprés Master's mark JD Provenance: private collection, Belgium The model of this pair is the only one known to date

 

Galerie Alexis Pentcheff

maurice utrillo

Maurice Utrillo (Paris 1883-1955 Dax) Belle Gabrielle, Montmartre, circa 1912-1914 Oil and gesso on cardboard mounted on panel, signed lower right 41 x 55.5 cm Provenance: London, Christie’s sale, 23 June 2004, lot n° 267; European private collection; Galerie Alexis Pentcheff; private collection, France Literature: Jean Fabris and Cédric Paillier, L’œuvre complet de Maurice Utrillo, Paris, 2009, repr. n° 332, p. 396; Maurice Utrillo, exhibition catalogue, Tokyo, Seiji Togo Memorial Sompo Japan Museum of Art, 2010, n° 1, p. 142 (ill. in colour in the section 'Works reproduced as archives') Exhibitions: Centenary of the Birth of Maurice Utrillo, Musée Jacquemart-André, Paris, May-August 1983, n° 13 (travelling exhibition to Liège, Musée Saint-Georges, and to Lille, Fondation Septentrion in Marcq-en-Barœul, until 15 January 1984); Maurice Utrillo, Tokyo, then Osaka, Kyoto, and Yamaguchi, Japan, 1 November 1985-5 May 1986, n° 17 (ill. cat. in colour); Maurice Utrillo: Solitude Urbaine, Galerie Alexis Pentcheff, Marseille, 22 September-4 November 2017, n° 3 (ill. cat. in colour)

 

d'Arschot & Cie

German silver-gilt standing cup or tazza Augsburg, circa 1590-1594 David Schuechmann (1567-1607) H 14.6 cm - 248 gr

 

Galerie Mathivet

claudius linossier

Claudius Linossier (Lyon, 1893-1953) Vase, circa 1930 Copper dinanderie on a fire-patinated ground with red tones in the central section and black shading at the top and bottom, decorated with an inlaid silver frieze and silver triangles H 18 cm - ∅ 18 cm Signed 'Linossier'

 

Galerie Watteeu by Edouard & Andrea de Caters

max ingrand

Max Ingrand for Fontana Arte (Bressuire 1908-1969 Paris) Pair of wall lights Mod N° 2240, 1960s Brass and glass H 30 x W 22 x D 15 cm Literature: P. E. Martin-Vivier, Max Ingrand du verre à la lumière, p. 213

 

Galeria Bessa Pereira

Sergio Rodrigues (Rio de Janeiro, 1927–2014) 'Kilin' chair, 1970s Solid wood, leather H 68 x W 68 x D 68 cm Origin: Brasil Provenance: private collection, Rio de Janeiro; Galeria Bessa Pereira collection Literature: Vicente, A., & Vasconcellos, M. (Comps.), Móvel moderno brasileiro (1st edition), São Paulo: Olhares, 2017, p. 302; Cals, S, Sergio Rodrigues, Rio de Janeiro: Icatu, 2000, p. 142

 

Galerie Nicolas Bourriaud

jacq orlande sinapi

Jacq Orlande Sinapi (Marseille, 1911-1989) Bison, circa 1940 Bronze with nuanced brown patina Cast by Leblanc-Barbedienne and bearing the foundry's stamp H 50 x W 57 x D 21 cm Signed ‘Jacq Orlande Sinapi’ Only two pieces known to date Provenance: private collection, France

 

Douwes Fine Art b.v.

emanuel de witte

Emanuel de Witte (The Netherlands, Alkmaar circa 1616-1691/2 Amsterdam) Interior of the Oude Kerk in Amsterdam, the transept seen from the South Oil on canvas 64 x 71.5 cm Signed 'E. De. Witte' (c.r.) Provenance: Abraham Dijkman, Amsterdam; his deceased sale, Amsterdam, de Bosch/ Yver, 17-18 July 1794, lot 47; sale, London, Foster, 25 March 1931 (as 'unknown'); acquired at the above sale by Asscher & Welker, London; with D. Katz, Dieren; Dr. A. Welker, London, 1935; with J.D. Klaasen Jr., Rotterdam; P.M. Kerdel, Scheveningen, 1963; with Hans Cramer, The Hague by 1990; acquired by a Dutch Foundation, in 1998 Literature: Noach, 'Het Material tot de Geschiedenis der Oude kerk te Amsterdam', Amsterdam 1937, p. 81; E. Trautscholdt, in U. Thieme and F. Becker, 'Algemeines Lexikon der Bildenden Künstler' Vol. 36, Leipzig, 1947, p. 125; I. Manke, 'Emanuel de Witte', Amsterdam, 1963, p. 92, n° 62 with ill. fig. 31; F. Duparc et al., 'Masterpieces of the Dutch Golden Age', exhibition catalogue, Atlanta, 1985, p. 132-3, n° 60 with ill.; H.R. Leppien, 'In Blickfeld: Holländische Kirchenbilder', exhibition catalogue, Hamburg, 1995, pp. 56-7, 66-8, n° 20 Exhibitions: Rotterdam, Museum Boymans Van Beuningen, 'Vermeer, oorsprong en invloed Fabritius, de Hooch, de Witte, 9 July-9 October 1935, n° 116; Rotterdam, Museum Boymans Van Beuningen, Tentoonstelling van schilderijen, beeldhouwwerken en teekeningen uit particuliere verzamelingen in Nederland: onder auspiciën van de 'Stichting Museum Boymans' , December 1939-January 1940, n° 59; Atlanta, High Museum of Art, Masterpieces of the Dutch Golden Age, 24 September-10 November 1985, n° 60, p. 132-3; Hamburg, Kunsthalle, In Blickfeld: Holländische Kirchenbilder, 1995/96, n° 20

 

DIE GALERIE

pierre alechinsky

Pierre Alechinsky (Brussels, 1927) Le Point du Jour, 1966 Oil on canvas 130 x 81 cm Signed lower right 'Alechinsky'; signed, dated and entitled verso Certificate by the artist from 19 March 2012 Provenance: Galerie Birch, Kopenhagen; DIE GALERIE, Frankfurt am Main Literature: Pierre Alechinsky, Galerie Birch, Kopenhagen 1966; CoBrA. Una grande avanguardia europea 1948-1951, exh. cat. Fondazione Roma Museo, Palazzo Cipolla, Rome 2015, p. 211 Exhibitions: Pierre Alechinsky, Galerie Birch, Kopenhagen 1966; CoBrA international – Momente einer Utopie, Museum für aktuelle Kunst, Sammlung Hurrle, Durbach, 2012-2013; CoBrA – Una grande avanguardia europea 1948-1951, Fondazione Roma Museo, Palazzo Cipolla, Rom, 2015-2016; 70 Years of CoBrA, DIE GALERIE, Frankfurt am Main, 2018; Pierre Alechinsky and his artist friends, DIE GALERIE, Frankfurt am Main, 2025

 

MassModernDesign

pierre weckx lougne chair brazil 1950s

Low lounge chair designed by Pierre Weckx and manufactured in Brazil 1950s. This low lounge chair is an expressive example of Brazilian modernism, revealing Pierre Weckx’s refined understanding of structure, material, and repose. Designed in the 1950s, the chair embodies a period in which Brazilian designers began to reinterpret international modernist ideas through local materials, craftsmanship, and climate driven lifestyles. The low, reclining posture reflects a relaxed approach to seating, prioritising the body at rest while maintaining a sculptural presence within the interior. The frame is executed in solid caviuna wood, a dense and richly grained Brazilian hardwood prized for its durability and warm tonal depth. Weckx uses the material with confidence, shaping the structure into a continuous, angled silhouette that feels both grounded and fluid. The extended rear legs and subtly inclined seat create a dynamic profile that is visually light despite the solidity of the wood. The armrests are integrated seamlessly, reinforcing the sense of cohesion between form and function. A system of rope supports the original golden toned cowhide cushion, allowing the seat and back to respond gently to the body. This construction not only enhances comfort but also introduces a tactile contrast between the smooth wood, the tensioned rope, and the supple cowhide. The cushion, with its natural patina, contributes significantly to the character of the piece and speaks to its authenticity. This chair has been published several times in Casa e Jardim, underscoring its importance within the canon of mid century Brazilian design. Preserved in fully original condition, it stands as a rare and compelling example of Pierre Weckx’s work, where craftsmanship, material honesty, and an effortless sense of leisure converge into a timeless modern object.

 

Douwes Fine Art b.v.

rembrandt van rijn

Rembrandt van Rijn (Leiden 1606-1669 Amsterdam) Self-Portrait in a Cap, Wide-Eyed and Open-Mouthed, 1630 Etching and drypoint on laid paper 5.4 x 4.6 cm Signed in monogram and dated lower centre: RHL 1630 Plate not in existence – with Nowell-Usticke (1967): RRR – a very rare little plate Provenance: private collection, Germany; private collection, The Netherlands Literature: Bartsch 320; Hind 32; The New Hollstein Dutch n° 69: Second state (of II) This is a small masterpiece of Rembrandt's early etchings. The expression of this physiognomic study made by his etching needle could not be more livelike as the facial expression (perhaps "astonishment") is in perfect harmony with the round shape of the face. Rembrandt knows exactly how to hit every tonal gradation with fine, arching strokes. Of all the self-portraits in which Rembrandt depicts emotions, this one is probably the most engaging. He looks startled here, with pursed lips and wide-open eyes. You see him slightly from below, so that he seems to be recoiling. The etching is clearly executed and clever, with the contours of the shoulders and the cap fading into the edges. During his lifetime, Rembrandt's extraordinary skills as a printmaker were the main source of his international fame. Unlike his oil paintings, prints travelled light and were relatively cheap. For this reason, they soon became very popular with collectors not only within but also beyond the borders of the Netherlands. Rembrandt's etchings are remarkable for their high number of self-portraits (over 30 out of about 290). These are particularly collectible, perhaps due to the smaller number of states as well as the artist's compelling and powerful presence. Unlike his stately religious scenes, or regal, posed portraits of others, which exhibit his careful and calculating brilliance as an etcher, Rembrandt's self-portraits reveal him as an artist and a man. In them he assumes the role of the experimenting artist, approaching the most difficult of subjects - himself. These self-portraits are often described as ethereal and wistful for their notable contrasting areas of high and low etched space. A very fine impression of this famous small portrait in the second (final) state, printing clearly, just beginning to show a little wear on the tip of the nose, with narrow margins.

 

Chambre professionnelle belge de la Librairie Ancienne et Moderne (CLAM)

Unique binding of incredible modernity, produced circa 1925 by the great architect and designer Josef Hoffmann (Pirnitz 1870-1956 Vienna), one of the founding members of the Wiener Werkstätte and the creator of the fabulous Palais Stoclet in Brussels. Large quarto, full fawn morocco on wooden boards with undulating decor, dark fuchsia silk doublure and endpapers, interior gilt signature Wiener Werkstätte with, above, Hoffmann's small gilt monogrammed mark. On: Henny Bauer & Wilhelm Kienzl, Sanctissimum (1924), first edition of the score for voice and piano. Signed by Josef Hoffmann Literature: Isabella Croÿ-Frick, Bookbinding and Leather in Christian Witt-Dörring & Janis Staggs, Wiener Werkstätte 1903-1932, The Luxury of Beauty, (2017), pp. 192-211; MAK Wien: Archiv der Wiener Werkstätte, Entwurfszeichnungen, Bucheinband, inventarnummer WWE 24-9; Yves Peyré, Histoire de la reliure de création, (2005), p. 138, p. 140; Ruperta Pichler, Wiener Werkstätte. Lederobjekte aus den Sammlungen des Österreichischen Museums für angewandte Kunst, (1992), pp. 77-92; Werner J. Schweiger, Wiener Werkstätte, art et artisanat, 1903-1932, (1982), p. 183 Pierre Coumans, Antiquarian bookseller

 

Hartford Fine Art - Lampronti Gallery

Francesco Fracanzano (Monopoli 1612-1656 Naples) The incredulity of Saint Thomas Oil on canvas 143 x 205 cm Literature: R. Causa, La pittura del Seicento a Napoli. Dal naturalismo al barocco, Naples, 1972, S. 976, n° 74; G. De Vito, Fracanziano’s periphrasis in XVII century Neapolitan studies, 2003/2004, pp. 104-105, fig. 2; N. Spinosa, XVII c. paintings in Naples, from Caravaggio to Massimo Stanzione, Naples 2010, p. 281 cat. n° 212; A. Della Ragione, Francesco Fracanzano, 2011, p. 10, fig. 23; N. Spinosa, Da Artemisia a Hackert. La collezione di un antiquario, exh. cat., Reggia di Caserta, Foligno 2019, cat. 9, pp. 18-19; N. Spinosa, Il Maestro degli Annunci ai pastori e i pittori del 'tremendo impasto' (Napoli 1625-1650), Rome 2021, cat. C5, p. 193 (quoting further literature: Cairo, 2011, pp. 203-210. Forgione, p. 233, fig. 12) Exhibition: Da Artemisia a Hackert. La collezione di un antiquario, Reggia di Caserta, 2019-2020

 

Romigioli Antichità

Pair of marble plates with semi-precious stones and soft polychromes Florence, early 19th century 44 x 38 cm (plates) 62.5 x 55 cm (frames) Provenance: Florentine workshop Oval plate depicting a naturalistic composition with a basket, flower buds, fruit and birds, one with a bird's nest, the other with a nest and eggs, in an antique carved and gilded wooden frame.

 

Galerie Mathivet

maurice dufrene

Maurice Dufrene (Paris 1876-1955 Nogent-sur-Marne) Lamp with dahlias, circa 1913 Gilt bronze and glass H 70 cm - ∅ 49 cm Signed M DUFRENE

 

Galerie Alexis Bordes

jacques-emile blanche

Jacques-Emile Blanche (Paris 1861-1942 Offranville) View of a longère at the end of a tree-lined path, near Offranville Oil on canvas 38.3 x 46.2 cm Signed lower right: J E Blanche Certificate of authenticity by Mrs. Jane Roberts, a specialist on the artist Provenance: private collection, France Literature: Jane Roberts, Jacques-Émile Blanche, Paris: Gourcuff-Gradenigo, 2012; Mireille Bialek, Michel Ciry, Félicien Cacan, Jacques-Émile Blanche à Offranville: peintre-écrivain, Offranville: Mairie d’Offranville, 2006

 

Galerie Hioco

yukiya izumita

Yukiya Izumita (Japan, 1966) Laminate, 2025 Iwate clay W 35 cm

 

Floris van Wanroij Fine Art

Abel Grimmer (Antwerp, circa 1570-1620) A Landscape with view of a Village and Festivities in a Garden Oil on panel 21.5 x 44 cm. Provenance: private collection Literature: R. de Bertier de Sauvigny, Jacob et Abel Grimmer catalogue raisonné, 1991, Brussels

 

Christophe Perlès

 

Galerie Greta Meert

enrico castellani

Enrico Castellani (Castelmassa 1930-2017 Celleno) Superficie bianca, 2002 Acrylic on shaped canvas 200 x 200 cm

 

Dr. Nöth kunsthandel

henry martin

Henry Martin (Toulouse 1860-1943 Labastide-du-Vert) Street in Collioure, 1920 Oil on canvas 101 x 61 cm Signed lower left 'Henri Martin' Certificate of authenticity by Mme Marie-Anne Destrebecq-Martin Provenance: estate of Monsieur X, Paris, 6th arrondissement

 

Galerie des Modernes

mark tobey

Mark Tobey (USA, Centerville, Wisconsin, 1890-1976 Basel, Switzerland) Untitled (Abstract composition) or 'Tout le Monde', 1956 Tempera on paper 20.2 x 24.9 cm Signed and dated lower right 'Tobey 56' The Mark Tobey Project LLC, under the identification n° MT (456-05-15-25). Authentication letter signed by Achim Moeller for Moeller Fine Art Projects dated May 15th, 2025 Provenance: private collection, Belgium Exhibitions: Exhibited at Kunsthalle Basel under n° 0131 (label on back of montage annotated: ‘Tout le monde’)

 

Galerie Watteeu by Edouard & Andrea de Caters

ilmari tapiovaara

Ilmari Tapiovaara (Finland, Tampere 1914-1999 Helsinki) Bookcase for La Permanente Mobili Cantù, 1950s Teak and painted wood H 201 x W 341 x D 33 cm

 

Galerie Haesaerts-le Grelle

Gustave Serrurier-Bovy (Liège, 1858-1910) Grandfather clock, circa 1906 Oak, brass, and blue faience H 238 x W 56 x D 32 cm Provenance: Private collection, Liège

 

Franck Anelli Fine Art

claude corneille de lyon

Claude Corneille de Lyon (The Netherlands, The Hague 1500-1575 Lyon, France) Portrait of a wealthy merchant wearing a fur-lined coat and gold chain, circa 1560 Oil on panel 15 x 18 cm Certificate from Dr. Alexandra Zvereva This painting will be included in the supplement to the artist's forthcoming Catalogue Raisonné This unpublished small portrait fits naturally into the later works of one of the most illustrious portraitists of the French Renaissance. Referred to in contemporary documents by the name of his hometown, La Haye, he later became known simply as 'Corneille' until André Félibien, who believed him to be from the banks of the Rhône, added the name 'Lyon' in the index of his Entretiens. Born and trained in the Netherlands, probably in Flanders, the artist settled in Lyon as early as 1533. There, he succeeded Jean Perréal, the portraitist of Charles VIII and Louis XII, renowned for his intimate portraits with coloured backgrounds. By the mid-1530s, Corneille had gained such fame that he found himself painting the courtiers accompanying the king to Lyon, as well as the Sons and Daughters of France. However, unlike Perréal, his career was not that of a royal artist following the court. He never left Lyon, and his titles of "painter to the Dauphin" and later "painter and ordinary valet to the king" were purely honorary, primarily granting him the privileges of royal officers. The prominent citizens of Lyon, wealthy French and foreign merchants, high-ranking royal officers, well-to-do bourgeois, and magistrates made up the bulk of his clientele. Corneille created small-scale portraits for them, painted in just a few sitting sessions directly onto panels. Intended for family and close associates, these works had no official circulation and existed in only one unique copy, unlike portraits of the nobility, of which Corneille often made replicas that were widely circulated. The subject of this portrait is not a nobleman, despite his evident wealth. His attire is simple, a dark brown-black without any ornamentation, slashing, or jewels. The white ruff of his shirt is not starched. His high cap, fashionable in the 1550s-1560s, lacks a plume, a privilege reserved for the nobility, as it was associated with the feathers adorning knights' helmets. However, the man does possess a certain fortune, as evidenced by his fur-lined cloak of marten with wide lapels and a large gold chain with three rows of links, favoured by the Flemish. The medallion on the chain is cropped by the frame. This is almost certainly a prosperous merchant, eager to demonstrate his success and preserve the memory of his features for his family. The absence of any inscription on the reverse, giving the name of the subject, makes identification impossible, since no replica or engraving exists. Despite previous restorations, particularly to the face and background, the distinctive characteristics of Corneille’s art are clearly visible here, such as the rough sketching of the ear, the sloping shoulders that make the head appear slightly disproportionate to the torso, the treatment of the hair with individual strands, the brilliant irises crossed by an oblique ray of light, and the broader brushstrokes in the clothing.

 
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